AIAPGET Factors
– Prana Vayu and Kapha are the primary doshas concerned in causation of SHWASA.
– The 5 forms of Shwasa are – Kshudra, Tamaka, Chinna, Mahan and Urdhwa.
– Shwasa, Kasa, Hikka and Hrdroga will be cured utilizing PURANA GHRTA processed with Abhaya, Bida Lavana and Ramatha (Hingu). Su.Ut.51/16
– TALISADI Ghrta, VASA Ghrta (described in Raktapitta) and SATPALA Ghrta (described in Vata Vyadhi) are useful to treatment every kind of Shwasa. Su.Ut.51/27-29
– Formulations used for treating PANDU ROGA & SHOTHA needs to be used within the therapy of Shwasa and Kasa. Medicines prescribed for KASA are additionally used for treating Shwasa. (Su.Ut.51/43)
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The 51st chapter of Uttaratantra of Sushruta Samhita is known as as Śvāsa Pratiședha. This chapter offers with Remedy of Dyspnoea.
अथातः श्वासप्रतिषेधं व्याख्यास्यामः ||१||
यथोवाच भगवान् धन्वन्तरिः ||२||
We are going to now expound Śvasa Pratiṣedha- therapy of Dyspnoea; as revealed by the venerable Dhañvañtari.
Nidāna- samprāpti-causes and pathogenesis
यैरेव कारणैर्हिक्का बहुभिः सम्प्रवर्तते |
तैरेव कारणैः श्वासो घोरो भवति देहिनाम् ||३||
विहाय प्रकृतिं वायुः प्राणोऽथ कफसंयुतः |
श्वासयत्यूर्ध्वगो भूत्वा तं श्वासं परिचक्षते ||४||
Svāsa which suggests issue in respiratory or dyspnoea is a dreadful illness. It’s produced by the identical causes by which hikka – hiccup is produced (causes for hikka and svasa are the identical).
Aggravated Pranavata combines with Kapha, leaves off its normalcy and begins to maneuver within the upward course. Whereas doing so, it provides rise to elevated bouts of respiration / respiratory (exacerbated respiratory patterns). This situation is known as Svasa.
Bheda- varieties
क्षुद्रकस्तमकश्छिन्नो महानूर्ध्वश्च पञ्चधा |
भिद्यते स महाव्याधिः श्वास एको विशेषतः ||५||
This Svasa is alleged to be a Maha Vyadhi i.e. a dreadful illness which is tough to tolerate and treatment. Although Svasa is just one, it’s of 5 varieties. Beneath talked about are the 5 sorts of Svasa –
– Ksudra Svasa,
– Tamaka Svasa,
– Chinna Svasa,
– Mahan Svasa and
– Urdhva Svasa
Pūrvarupa- premonitory signs
प्राग्रूपं तस्य हृत्पीडा भक्तद्वेषोऽरतिः परा |
आनाहः पार्श्वयोः शूलं वैरस्यं वदनस्य च ||६||
Beneath talked about are the premonitory signs of Svasa –
– ache within the area of the heard,
– aversion in direction of meals,
– restlessness,
– flatulence,
– ache within the flanks and
– unhealthy style within the mouth
Rūpa- medical options
Kşudraśvāsa – dyspnoea on effort
किञ्चिदारभमाणस्य यस्य श्वासः प्रवर्तते |
निषण्णस्यैति शान्तिं च स क्षुद्र इति सञ्ज्ञितः ||७||
Ksudra Svasa is a type of Svasa characterised by the under talked about options –
– it arises when the individual commences any bodily work and
– subsides when he sits or rests (with out doing any work or job)
TamakaSvāsa – bronchial bronchial asthma
तृट्स्वेदवमथुप्रायः कण्ठघुर्घुरिकान्वितः |
विशेषाद्दुर्दिने ताम्येच्छ्वासः स तमको मतः ||८||
घोषेण महताऽऽविष्टः सकासः सकफो नरः |
यः श्वसित्यबलोऽन्नद्विट् सुप्तस्तमकपीडितः ||९||
स शाम्यति कफे हीने स्वपतश्च विवर्धते |
मूर्च्छाज्वराभिभूतस्य ज्ञेयः प्रतमकस्तु सः ||१०||
Svasa – dyspnoea typically related to the under talked about options is named Tamaka Svasa –
– thirst,
– perspiration,
– vomiting,
– rumbling noise within the throat,
– dyspnoea seems particularly on cloudy days and in darkness
Respiration is accompanied with –
– loud sound,
– cough,
– expectoration of sputum / phlegm and
– debility,
– aversion of meals and
– dyspnoea rising when the affected person lies down
Pratamaka Svasa is sort of svasa which presents with under talked about options –
– it subsides when kapha decreases and
– will increase enormously when mendacity down and
– is accompanied with fainting (lack of consciousness) and fever
Chinnaśvāsa – interrupted respiratory; chyne-stokes respiration
आध्मातो दह्यमानेन बस्तिना सरुजं नरः |
सर्वप्राणेन विच्छिन्नं श्वस्याच्छिन्नं तमादिशेत् ||११||
Chinna Svasa is characterised by the under talked about attribute options –
– individual has flatulence and
– burning sensation within the urinary bladder and has
– painful and interrupted respiratory
Mahatśvāsa
निःसञ्ज्ञः पार्श्वशूलार्तः शुष्ककण्ठोऽतिघोषवान् |
संरब्धनेत्रस्त्वायम्य यः श्वस्यात् स महान् स्मृतः ||१२||
Beneath talked about are the options / signs of Maha Svasa –
– unconsciousness,
– ache in flanks,
– dryness of throat,
– breathes with loud sounds,
– swollen eyes and
– bending / stretching of physique throughout respiratory
Urdhvaśvāsa
मर्मस्वायम्यमानेषु श्वसन्मूढो मुहुश्च यः |
ऊर्ध्वप्रेक्षी हतरवस्तमूर्ध्वश्वासमादिशेत् ||१३||
Urdhva Svasa is marked by the presence of under talked about signs –
– stretching ache in very important organs (coronary heart, head, urinary bladder),
– individual typically faints after respiration,
– has upward gaze and
– lack of voice
क्षुद्रः साध्यतमस्तेषां तमकः कृच्छ्र उच्यते |
त्रयः श्वासा न सिध्यन्ति तमको दुर्बलस्य च ||१४||
Ksudra Svasa is well curable. Tamaka Svasa is tough to treatment. The opposite three sorts of Svasa i.e. Maha Svasa, Urdhva Svasa and Chinna Svasa are incurable. Tamaka Svasa can be incurable in weak individuals.
Svāsacikitsā – therapy of dyspnoea
स्नेहबस्तिं विना केचिदूर्ध्वं चाधश्च शोधनम् |
मृदु प्राणवतां श्रेष्ठं श्वासिनामादिशन्ति हि ||१५||
In line with some authoritative opinions – purificatory therapies administered in each upward and downward routes, besides anuvasana basti (unctuous enema) needs to be administered mildly, to robust sufferers affected by svasa.
श्वासे कासे च हिक्कायां हृद्रोगे चापि पूजितम् |
घृतं पुराणं संसिद्धमभयाविडरामठैः ||१६||
सौवर्चलाभयाबिल्वैः संस्कृतं वाऽनवं घृतम् |
पिप्पल्यादिप्रतीवापं सिद्धं वा प्रथमे गणे ||१७||
सपञ्चलवणं सर्पिः श्वासकासौ व्यपोहति |१८|
Purana Ghrta – ghee which is outdated by some years – needs to be boiled and processed with Abhaya, Bida Lavana and Ramatha (Hingu) could be very beneficial in therapy of dyspnoea, cough and coronary heart ailments.
Beneath talked about recipes additionally treatment dyspnoea –
– outdated ghee cooked and processed with Sauvarcala, Abhaya and Bilva
– ghee cooked and processed with decoction of first gana i.e. vidarigandhadi gana group of herbs, added with paste of herbs belonging to pippalyadi gana group and panca lavanas (5 sorts of salts)
हिंस्राविडङ्गपूतीकत्रिफलाव्योषचित्रकैः ||१८||
द्विक्षीरं साधितं सर्पिश्चतुर्गुणजलाप्लुतम् |
कोलमात्रैः पिबेत्तद्धि श्वासकासौ व्यपोहति ||१९||
अर्शांस्यरोचकं गुल्मं शकृद्भेदं क्षयं तथा |
Ghee needs to be cooked with decoction and paste of under talked about elements –
– himsra,
– vidanga,
– putika,
– triphala,
– vyosa and
– citraka and
– two elements of milk
This ghee needs to be consumed in a dose of 1 kola (5 gm) amount.
Advantages – Consumption of this ghee cures dyspnoea and cough. It additionally cures piles, anorexia, stomach tumour, diarrhoea and consumption.
कृत्स्ने वृषकषाये वा पचेत् सर्पिश्चतुर्गुणे ||२०||
तन्मूलकुसुमावापं शीतं क्षौद्रेण योजयेत् |२१|
Ghee needs to be cooked with 4 elements of decoction of Vrsa (Vasa), added with paste of its roots and flowers. After the ghee will get cooled, honey is added to it and combined. This ghee can also be consumed.
शृङ्गीमधूलिकाभार्गीशुण्ठीतार्क्ष्यसिताम्बुदैः ||२१||
सहरिद्रैः सयष्ट्याह्वैः समैरावाप्य योगतः |
घृतप्रस्थं पचेद्धीमान् शीततोये चतुर्गुणे ||२२||
श्वासं कासं तथा हिक्कां सर्पिरेतन्नियच्छति |२३|
Equal elements of the under talked about elements needs to be boiled and processed in 4 elements of water and diminished to 1 / 4 in order to arrange its decoction –
– Srngi,
– Madhulika,
– Bharngi,
– Sunthi,
– Tarksya,
– Sita,
– Ambuda,
– Haridra and
– Yasti
One prastha (640 gm) of ghee needs to be added to this decoction. Paste of the above talked about herbs must also be added to it. All these are cooked collectively in response to the process in order to arrange their medicated ghee. This ghee cures dyspnoea, cough and hiccup.
सुवहा कालिका भार्गी शुकाख्या नैचुलं फलम् ||२३||
काकादनी शृङ्गवेरं वर्षाभूर्बृहतीद्वयम् |
कोलमात्रैर्घृतप्रस्थं पचेदेभिर्जलद्विकम् ||२४||
कटूष्णं पीतमेतद्धि श्वासामयविनाशनम् |
सौवर्चलयवक्षारकटुकाव्योषचित्रकैः ||२५||
वचाभयाविडङ्गैश्च साधितं श्वासशान्तये |
गोपवल्ल्युदके सिद्धं स्यादन्यद्द्विगुणे घृतम् ||२६||
पञ्चैतानि हवींष्याहुर्भिषजः श्वासकासयोः |२७|
Beneath talked about elements needs to be boiled with two elements of water and diminished to one-fourth in order to arrange its decoction –
– Suvaha,
– Kalika,
– Bharngi,
– Sukakhya,
– Fruit of Nicula,
– Kakadani,
– Srngavera,
– Varsabhu,
– Two sorts of Brhati
One prastha (640 gm) of ghee is cooked with this decoction in order to arrange medicated ghee. This ghee needs to be consumed within the dose of 1 kola (5gm) together with pungent and scorching herbs. This ghee cures dyspnoea.
Decoction is ready from the under talked about elements –
– sauvarchala,
– yava ksara,
– katuka,
– vyosa,
– citraka,
– vaca,
– abhaya and
– vidanga
Ghee is cooked and ready with this decoction. This ghee, when used, is helpful for mitigating svasa. Ghee ready with two elements of decoction of Gopavalli can be used for a similar function.
The above 5 medicated ghee have been advocated for dyspnoea and cough by physicians.
तालीशतामलक्युग्राजीवन्तीकुष्ठसैन्धवैः ||२७||
बिल्वपुष्करभूतीकसौवर्चलकणाग्निभिः |
पथ्यातेजोवतीयुक्तैः सर्पिर्जलचतुर्गुणम् ||२८||
हिङ्गुपादयुतं सिद्धं सर्वश्वासहरं परम् |
वासाघृतं षट्पलं वा घृतं चात्र हितं भवेत् ||२९||
Beneath talked about elements are boiled in 4 elements of water and its decoction is ready –
– Talisa,
– Tamalaki,
– Ugra,
– Jivanti,
– Kustha,
– Saindhava,
– Bilva,
– Puskaramula,
– Bhutika,
– Sauvarchala,
– Kana,
– Agni (Chitraka),
– Pathya and
– Tejovati
Ghee – 640 grams is cooked with this decoction including Hingu, one fourth amount of ghee and medicated ghee needs to be ready. This ghee cures every kind of svasa – dyspnoea.
Beneath talked about ghee are also useful –
– Vasa Ghrta – talked about in raktapitta chapter (therapy) and
– Satpala Ghrta – talked about in vata vyadhi (therapy)
तैलं दशगुणे सिद्धं भृङ्गराजरसे शुभे |
सेव्यमानं यथान्यायं श्वासकासौ व्यपोहति ||३०||
Oil needs to be boiled and processed with ten elements of the juice of Bhringaraja. This oil needs to be consumed in an acceptable method. It cures svasa – dyspnoea and kasa – cough.
फलाम्ला विष्किररसाः स्निग्धाः प्रव्यक्तसैन्धवाः |
एणादीनां शिरोभिर्वा कौलत्था वा सुसंस्कृताः ||३१||
हन्युः श्वासं च कासं च संस्कृतानि पयांसि च |३२|
Beneath talked about meals would treatment dyspnoea and cough –
– soup of meat of viskira birds – added with fat, juice of bitter fruits and extra amount of saindhava lavana or
– soup of deer’s head processed with spices, salt and so on. and combined with milk
– soup of kulattha processed with spices, salt and so on. and combined with milk
These meals, when consumed, cures dyspnoea and cough.
तिमिरस्य [१] च बीजानि कर्कटाख्या च चूर्णिता ||३२||
दुरालभाऽथ पिप्पल्यः कटुकाख्या हरीतकी |
श्वाविन्मयूररोमाणि कोला मागधिकाकणाः ||३३||
भार्गीत्वक् शृङ्गवेरं च शर्करा शल्लकाङ्गजम् |
नृत्तकौण्डकबीजानि चूर्णितानि तु केवलम् ||३४||
पञ्च श्लोकार्धिकास्त्वेते लेहा ये सम्यगीरिताः |
सर्पिर्मधुभ्यां ते लेह्याः कासश्वासार्दितैर्नरैः ||३५||
Beneath elements talked about in 5 half verses needs to be made into nice powder –
- seeds of timira (markata trna / madayanti) and karkatasrngi or
- duralabha, pippali, katuka and haritaki or
- hairs of porcupine and peacock or kola and magadhika or
- bark of bharngi, srngavera, sarkara and hairs of sallaka (hedgehog) or bark of sallaki tree or
- seeds of nrtyakundaka (kapikacchu) alone
This powder needs to be licked combined with ghee and honey and consumed by the individual affected by cough and dyspnoea.
सप्तच्छदस्य पुष्पाणि पिप्पलीश्चापि मस्तुना |
पिबेत् सञ्चूर्ण्य मधुना धानाश्चाप्यथ भक्षयेत् ||३६||
Flowers of saptachada and pippalis needs to be powdered. This powder needs to be consumed together with whey. Alternatively, dhana – fried pulses could also be consumed combined with honey.
अर्काङ्कुरैर्भावितानां यवानां साध्वनेकशः |
तर्पणं वा पिबेदेषां सक्षौद्रं श्वासपीडितः ||३७||
Yava – barley soaked in juice of sprouts or arka many occasions needs to be consumed by sufferers affected by dyspnoea. Alternatively, he might drink tarpana – groats ready from flour of corn added with honey.
शिरीषकदलीकुन्दपुष्पं मागधिकायुतम् |
तण्डुलाम्बुयुतं पीत्वा जयेच्छ्वासानशेषतः ||३८||
Powder of flowers of the under talked about needs to be consumed together with rice-wash –
– sirisa,
– kadali,
– kunda puspa and
– magadhika
It cures dyspnoea with none residue.
कोलमज्जां तालमूलमृष्यचर्ममसीमपि |
लिह्यात् क्षौद्रेण भार्गीं वा सर्पिर्मधुसमायुताम् ||३९||
नीचैःकदम्बबीजं वा सक्षौद्रं तण्डुलाम्बुना |४०|
Powder of Kola fruit, Talamula (Musali) and ash of leather-based of Rsya (black deer) needs to be licked with honey.
The powder of Bharngi needs to be licked with ghee and honey.
Powder of seeds of Nicakadamba (laghu kadamba) added with honey needs to be consumed with rice-wash.
हरिद्रां मरिचं द्राक्षां गुडं रास्नां कणां शटीम् ||४१||
लिह्यात्तैलेन तुल्यानि श्वासार्तो हितभोजनः |४२|
Powder of the under talked about elements needs to be ready –
– Draksa,
– Haritaki,
– Krishna,
– Karkatasrngi and
– Duralabha
This powder shall be licked with ghee and honey. It cures extreme instances of dyspnoea.
हरिद्रां मरिचं द्राक्षां गुडं रास्नां कणां शटीम् ||४१||
लिह्यात्तैलेन तुल्यानि श्वासार्तो हितभोजनः |४२|
Powder of the under talked about needs to be ready –
– Haridra,
– Marica,
– Draksa,
– Guda,
– Rasna,
– Kana and
– Sati
This needs to be combined with equal portions of sesame oil and licked. When that is consumed whereas taking solely appropriate meals, it cures dyspnoea.
गवां पुरीषस्वरसं मधुसर्पिःकणायुतम् ||४२||
लिह्याच्छ्वासेषु कासेषु वाजिनां वा शकृद्रसम् |४३|
Juice of contemporary dung of both cow or horse needs to be added and combined with honey, ghee and powder of kana. When licked, this recipe cures dyspnoea and cough.
No shlokas and clarification from 43-48, I’m writing clarification, shlokas to be added
The formulations which have been talked about (defined) within the context of panduroga and sotha (to deal with these circumstances) can even be useful in destroying (assuaging) svasa and kasa ailments. Medicines meant for treating kasa are additionally used for treating svasa. (43)
Bark of Bharngi, trysana (pippali, marica and sunti), tila taila, haridra, katuki, pippali, marica and canda – powder of those needs to be combined in goshakrd rasa (juice of cow dung) and be given (to the affected person affected by svasa). (44)
Utkarika (a type of sweetmeat) needs to be ready with seeds of Talakota (Ankola) if consumed for a couple of days constantly to treatment even dreadful svasa in fast time. (46)
Previous ghee, pippali, kulattha, meat soup of animals and birds of arid areas / desert like areas, sura, sauviraka, hingu, juice of matulunga, madhu (honey), draksa, amalaka and bilva are stated to be useful for sufferers affected by dyspnoea and hiccup. (46-47)
The sufferers affected by svasa (dyspnoea) and hikka (hiccup) ought to initially be given with oleation adopted by sudation. Or sudation needs to be given after giving a therapeutic massage (anointing the physique of the affected person) with lavanataila. By these procedures the solidified (consolidated) kapha will get liquefied and vata will get pacified. (48)
एतेसर्वेससर्पिष्काधूमाःकार्याविजानता।। SHLOKA????
The doctor ought to decide that sudation has been accomplished to passable ranges. He needs to be given meals together with meat soup.
After this, smoke inhalation needs to be administered. Alternatively, smoking (medicated) could also be accomplished by the affected person when there may be obstruction of vata and kapha. For this, varti (smoking wick or cigar) ready with the under talked about elements within the normal means shall be used –
– Manassila,
– Devadaru,
– Haridra,
– Chandana (patra),
– Amisa (guggulu),
– Laksa and
– Root of Urubuka
Equally, wick ready with under talked about elements can also be used for smoking –
– ghee,
– yava – barley,
– madhuccista – bee wax and
– sala niryasa – gum of sala tree
Smoke of the under talked about elements too shall be inhaled –
– horn, hairs, hoof, ligaments and pores and skin / leather-based of cow or ox or
– turuska, sallaki, guggulu and padmaka
All of the supplies used for smoking as described above shall be combined with ghee earlier than inhalation.
बलीयसि कफग्रस्ते वमनं सविरेचनम् ||५३||
दुर्बले चैव रूक्षे च तर्पणं हितमुच्यते |
जाङ्गलोरभ्रजैर्मांसैरानूपैर्वा सुसंस्कृतैः ||५४||
Emesis and purgation needs to be administered when the affected person of dyspnoea is powerful.
Tarpana – nutritions meals needs to be administered for individuals who’re weak and dry, together with soup of meat of animals dwelling in arid lands. Tarpana shall even be given with soup of meat of sheep or of animals dwelling in marshy lands, correctly processed with spices and salt.
निदिग्धिकां चामलकप्रमाणां हिङ्ग्वर्धयुक्तां मधुना सुयुक्ताम् |
लिहन्नरः श्वासनिपीडितो हि श्वासं जयत्येव बलात्र्यहेण ||५५||
Paste of Nidigdhika, of the scale of Amalaka needs to be made with water. Hingu needs to be added in half of its amount, combined effectively with honey and consumed. This cures dyspnoea shortly inside three days.
यथाऽग्निरिद्धः पवनानुविद्धो [१] वज्रं यथा वा सुरराजमुक्तम् |
रोगास्तथैते खलु दुर्निवाराः श्वासश्च कासश्च विलम्बिका च ||५६||
It is vitally tough to beat the hearth mixed with breeze or vajra – thunderbolt launched by Suraraja i.e. Lord Indra. Equally, ailments reminiscent of dyspnoea, cough and vilambika – a complication of indigestion are tough to treatment.
इति श्री सुश्रुतसंहितायामुत्तरतन्त्रान्तर्गते कायचिकित्सातन्त्रे हिक्काश्वासप्रतिषेधोनाम (त्रयोदशोऽध्यायः, आदितः) एकपञ्चाशत्तमोऽध्यायः।।५१।।
Thus ends the fifty-first chapter by title Svasa Pratiședha in Uttara Sthana of Suśruta Samhita.