Article by Dr Raghuram Y.S. MD (Ay) & Dr Manasa S, B.A.M.S
Now we have to think about many components in treating ailments. Many Acharyas have given totally different units of things to be thought of in treating ailments, in varied chapters, based on the context and as and when acceptable.
Amongst such components, Acharya Vagbhata has talked about three essential components to be thought of in treating the ailments successfully. They’re –
1. Samutthana Vishesha / Hetu Vishesha
2. Adhistana Antarani and
3. Vikara Prakriti
Reference – Ashtanga Hridaya Sutra Sthana, Chapter 12, verse 65-66 (A.Hr.Su.12/65, 66)
On this article, we’ll attempt to know extra about these components.
Three necessary components to be thought of to successfully deal with ailments
स एव कुपितो दोषः समुत्थानविशेषतः।
स्थानान्तराणि च प्राप्य विकारान् कुरुते बहून्॥६५॥
तस्माद्विकारप्रकृतीरधिष्ठानान्तराणि च।
बुद्ध्वा हेतुविशेषश्च शीघ्रं कुर्यादुपक्रमम्॥६६॥
First, allow us to attempt to perceive why so many ailments are manifested. Why do we have now so many subtypes of every illness? The solutions to those questions can even give a readability concerning the understanding of the above talked about three components.
1. Samuttana / Karana / Hetu Vishesha –
To start with, all ailments are manifested after we get uncovered to Nidanas i.e. causative or etiological components of a illness. Every illness has an enormous listing of etiological components which might trigger the illness. These etiological components would trigger disturbance of doshas within the physique and thus the illness course of or pathogenesis begins.
So, which etiological issue will affect and irritate which dosha or doshas and to what proportions can’t be stated. This arithmetic varies from individual to individual. So, the character of etiological components can’t be understood nor the best way they behave once they are available contact with the physique. In the identical particular person, the identical etiological issue could disturb totally different dosha at totally different occasions and trigger totally different set of signs or ailments.
This offers us a readability concerning the multiplicity of ailments precipitated attributable to particular natures of causative components and the way they affect the doshas and dhatus within the physique.
So, a doctor ought to have a exact data of Hetu Visheshata to deal with a illness correctly.
2. Sthana / Adhistana Antarani –
The lodgment of aggravated dosha or doshas within the tissues and inflicting tissue injury is the following step within the pathogenesis of any illness.
As stated above, the causative components, attributable to their particular nature, would affect a dosha or doshas in some ways. These doshas journey within the physique (as within the prasara stage of kriyakala). They might discover a weak and inclined place to lodge themselves, within the type of tissues and organs. Wherever they discover a weak tissue or organ (which can be made up of tissues) or deformity of channels of transportation (kha vaigunya), the doshas get lodged or blocked therein respectively. That is referred to as as sthana samshraya or dosha dushya sammurchana – amalgamation of vitiated dosha and weak dhatu or lodgment of highly effective and aggravated dosha in weak and inclined tissue. That is the fourth stage of kriya kala (cycle of pathogenesis) and is a vital stage for the illness to type.
So, this sthana i.e. seat (tissue, organ) whereby the doshas would flow into and get lodged are once more of various sorts. These ailments would produce the illness relying on the character of sthana, which is many. So, a specific dosha in circulation may cause a extreme migraine getting lodged within the head or arthritis getting lodged within the joints relying on the place they discover the lodgment. So, the manifestation of the illness can be primarily based on the character of the sthana. So, it’s important for a doctor to know the Sthana Antarani to deal with a illness successfully.
3. Vikara Prakriti –
The third and crucial issue to be thought of is the principle dosha inflicting the illness and its nature of aggravation, by which nidanas it has undergone aggravation and through which sthana it’s lodged. This additionally entails understanding particular qualities of doshas which have undergone improve. That is referred to as Vikalpa Samprapti i.e. fractional understanding of dosha concerned within the pathogenesis of a illness.
So, a doctor ought to have a radical data of the vikara prakriti i.e. nature of dosha and the illness brought on by it.
To sum up,
The aggravated doshas, relying on the character of their causative components, on reaching totally different components of the physique (and discovering lodgment therein), will produce many sorts of ailments.
Due to this fact, a doctor ought to know all these three components and the connection between them.
The therapy of the illness precipitated in such a approach, by many sorts of causative components and involving many seats of lodgment of doshas, ought to be performed in fast time after correctly understanding vikara prakriti, adhistana antarani and hetu vishesha.