Article by Dr Raghuram Y.S. MD (Ay) & Dr Manasa S, B.A.M.S
Now we have to contemplate many components in treating illnesses. Many Acharyas have given totally different units of things to be thought-about in treating illnesses, in numerous chapters, based on the context and as and when applicable.
Amongst such components, Acharya Vagbhata has talked about three essential components to be thought-about in treating the illnesses successfully. They’re –
1. Samutthana Vishesha / Hetu Vishesha
2. Adhistana Antarani and
3. Vikara Prakriti
Reference – Ashtanga Hridaya Sutra Sthana, Chapter 12, verse 65-66 (A.Hr.Su.12/65, 66)
On this article, we’ll attempt to know extra about these components.
Three essential components to be thought-about to successfully deal with illnesses
स एव कुपितो दोषः समुत्थानविशेषतः।
स्थानान्तराणि च प्राप्य विकारान् कुरुते बहून्॥६५॥
तस्माद्विकारप्रकृतीरधिष्ठानान्तराणि च।
बुद्ध्वा हेतुविशेषश्च शीघ्रं कुर्यादुपक्रमम्॥६६॥
First, allow us to attempt to perceive why so many illnesses are manifested. Why do we’ve got so many subtypes of every illness? The solutions to those questions can even give a readability concerning the understanding of the above talked about three components.
1. Samuttana / Karana / Hetu Vishesha –
Initially, all illnesses are manifested after we get uncovered to Nidanas i.e. causative or etiological components of a illness. Every illness has a giant checklist of etiological components which might trigger the illness. These etiological components would trigger disturbance of doshas within the physique and thus the illness course of or pathogenesis begins.
So, which etiological issue will affect and irritate which dosha or doshas and to what proportions can’t be stated. This arithmetic varies from individual to individual. So, the character of etiological components can’t be understood nor the way in which they behave once they are available contact with the physique. In the identical particular person, the identical etiological issue could disturb totally different dosha at totally different instances and trigger totally different units of signs or illnesses.
This provides us a readability relating to the multiplicity of illnesses prompted attributable to particular natures of causative components and the way they affect the doshas and dhatus within the physique.
So, a doctor ought to have a exact data of Hetu Visheshata to deal with a illness correctly.
2. Sthana / Adhistana Antarani –
The lodgment of aggravated dosha or doshas within the tissues and inflicting tissue harm is the subsequent step within the pathogenesis of any illness.
As stated above, the causative components, attributable to their particular nature, would affect a dosha or doshas in some ways. These doshas journey within the physique (as within the prasara stage of kriyakala). They might discover a weak and inclined place to lodge themselves, within the type of tissues and organs. Wherever they discover a weak tissue or organ (which can also be made up of tissues) or deformity of channels of transportation (kha vaigunya), the doshas get lodged or blocked therein respectively. That is known as as sthana samshraya or dosha dushya sammurchana – amalgamation of vitiated dosha and weak dhatu or lodgment of highly effective and aggravated dosha in weak and inclined tissue. That is the fourth stage of kriya kala (cycle of pathogenesis) and is a crucial stage for the illness to kind.
So, this sthana i.e. seat (tissue, organ) whereby the doshas would flow into get lodged are once more of various sorts. These illnesses would produce the illness relying on the character of sthana, which is many. So, a selected dosha in circulation could cause a extreme migraine getting lodged within the head or arthritis getting lodged within the joints relying on the place they discover the lodgment. So, the manifestation of the illness can also be based mostly on the character of the sthana. So, it can be crucial for a doctor to know the Sthana Antarani to deal with a illness successfully.
3. Vikara Prakriti –
The third and a very powerful issue to be thought-about is the principle dosha inflicting the illness and its nature of aggravation, by which nidanas it has undergone aggravation and wherein sthana it’s lodged. This additionally entails understanding particular qualities of doshas which have undergone enhance. That is known as Vikalpa Samprapti i.e. fractional understanding of dosha concerned within the pathogenesis of a illness.
So, a doctor ought to have an intensive data of the vikara prakriti i.e., the character of dosha and the illness brought on by it.
To sum up,
The aggravated doshas, relying on the character of their causative components, on reaching totally different components of the physique (and discovering lodgment therein), will produce many sorts of illnesses.
Subsequently, a doctor ought to know all these three components and the connection between them.
The therapy of the illness prompted in such a approach, by many sorts of causative components and involving many seats of lodgment of doshas, needs to be achieved in fast time after correctly understanding vikara prakriti, adhistana antarani and hetu vishesha.