The seventh chapter of Uttaratantra of Sushruta Samhita is known as as Drstigata Roga Vijnaniya Adhyaya. This chapter offers with Illnesses of Pupil.
अथातो दृष्टिगतरोगविज्ञानीयमध्यायं व्याख्यास्यामः ||१||
यथोवाच भगवान् धन्वन्तरिः ||२||
We’ll now expound the chapter by identify Drstigata roga Vijnaniya – data of illnesses of illnesses of imaginative and prescient (pupil); as revealed by the venerable Dhanvantari.
Drsti Mandala space of imaginative and prescient / pupil
मसूरदलमात्रां तु पञ्चभूतप्रसादजाम् |
खद्योतविस्फुलिङ्गाभामिद्धां तेजोभिरव्ययैः ||३||
आवृतां पटलेनाक्ष्णोर्बाह्येन विवराकृतिम् |
शीतसात्म्यां नृणां दृष्टिमाहुर्नयनचिन्तकाः ||४||
In keeping with the attention specialists, drshti – imaginative and prescient (space of eye sight) has the beneath talked about options –
– it’s of the scale of a cotyledon of lentil,
– has its origin from pancha mahabhutas (5 components of nature / creation – major components).
– absolutely resembles the hearth and spark of fireside,
– it’s sustained by eternal Tejas i.e. rays of fireside and
– is enveloped by the outer layer of the attention,
– is within the type of a hole (gap / aperture) and
– is accustomed to consolation by chilly
रोगांस्तदाश्रयान् घोरान् षट् च षट् च प्रचक्ष्महे |
पटलानुप्रविष्टस्य तिमिरस्य च लक्षणम् ||५||
Now, the twelve dreadful illnesses localized within the drshti (imaginative and prescient, pupil) and options of Timira (a illness which impacts the patalas – layers or sheaths) shall be described.
Prathama Patala Dusti Laksana – invasion of first layer
सिराभिरभिसम्प्राप्य विगुऽभ्यन्तरे भृशम् |
प्रथमे पटले दोषो यस्य दृष्टौ व्यवस्थितः ||६||
अव्यक्तानि स रूपाणि सर्वाण्येव प्रपश्यति |
The aggravated doshas journey by the siras (blood vessels), get lodged and localized within the first layer of the attention – prathama patala.
Impact – The individual in whom this occurs will see all of the objects unclearly.
Dvitiya Patala Dusti Laksana – invasion of second layer
दृष्टिर्भृशं विह्वलति द्वितीयं पटलं गते ||७||
मक्षिका मशकान् केशाञ्जालकानि च पश्यति |
मण्डलानि पताकांश्च मरीचीः कुण्डलानि च ||८||
परिप्लवांश्च विविधान् वर्षमभ्रं तमांसि च |
दूरस्थान्यपि रूपाणि मन्यते च समीपतः ||९||
समीपस्थानि दूरे च दृष्टेर्गोचरविभ्रमात् |
यत्नवानपि चात्यर्थं सूचीपाशं न पश्यति ||१०||
Indicators and signs of the second layer of the attention being invaded by the aggravated doshas –
– the imaginative and prescient (sight) will get deranged significantly,
– he sees totally different shapes of flies, mosquitoes, hairs, web, circles, flags, mirage, rings, totally different actions of the celebs, raining sky and darkness
– far off objects are perceived to be very close by,
– close by objects are perceived as being far-off
– incapability to see the outlet of the needle despite making nice efforts
Trtiya Patala Dusti Laksana – invasion of third layer
ऊर्ध्वं पश्यति नाधस्तात्तृतीयं पटलं गते |
महान्त्यपि च रूपाणि च्छादितानीव वाससा ||११||
कर्णनासाक्षियुक्तानि विपरीतानि वीक्षते [१] |
यथादोषं च रज्येत दृष्टिर्दोषे बलीयसि ||१२||
अधःस्थिते समीपस्थं दूरस्थं चोपरिस्थिते |
पार्श्वस्थिते तथा दोषे पार्श्वस्थानि न पश्यति ||१३||
समन्ततः स्थिते दोषे सङ्कुलानीव [२] पश्यति |
दृष्टिमध्यगते दोषे स एकं मन्यते द्विधा ||१४||
द्विधास्थिते त्रिधा पश्येद्बहुधा चानवस्थिते |
तिमिराख्यः स वै दोषः…
Indicators and signs of the third layer of the attention being invaded by aggravated doshas –
– the objects current above will be seen whereas these current beneath can’t be seen,
– even the massive objects are seen as being lined by material (despite being not lined)
– the face of different individuals are seen as being devoid of ears, nostril and eyes
– issues of imaginative and prescient additionally would improve because the doshas get an increasing number of aggravated,
– the individual won’t see objects that are close by when the doshas are localized on the backside,
– the far-off objects aren’t seen when the doshas are localized on the high,
– he can not see the objects positioned on the edges when the doshas are positioned within the sides,
– when the doshas are positioned in every single place, throughout, he’ll see the objects as getting combined or super-imposed over one another
– when the doshas are positioned on the centre of the drshti he’ll see one object as two
– if the doshas are positioned at two locations on (round) the drshti, he’ll see one object as three
– when the doshas aren’t localised at one place however are transferring from one place to the opposite, he sees one object as many
This illness is named Timira
Trtiya Patala Dusti Laksana – invasion of third layer
… चतुर्थं पटलं गतः ||१५||
रुणद्धि सर्वतो दृष्टिं लिङ्गनाशः स उच्यते |
तस्मिन्नपि तमोभूते नातिरूढे महागदे ||१६||
चन्द्रादित्यौ सनक्षत्रावन्तरीक्षे च विद्युतः |
निर्मलानि च तेजांसि भ्राजिष्णूनि [४] च पश्यति ||१७||
स एव लिङ्गनाशस्तु नीलिकाकाचसञ्ज्ञितः |१८|
Indicators and signs of the fourth layer of the attention being invaded by aggravated doshas –
On this situation, the doshas would fully hinder the sight. This situation known as Linganasa (lack of visible notion).
When darkness envelopes or when the illness just isn’t highly effective (not deep rooted) on this nice illness, the individual would see the beneath talked about –
– moon, solar, stars, lightnings and so forth. within the sky
– pure fireplace,
– gentle and
– vivid / glistening objects
This Linganasa is often known as Nilika and Kaca.
Signs of Doshaja Timira
तत्र वातेन रूपाणि भ्रमन्तीव स पश्यति ||१८||
आविलान्यरुणाभानि व्याविद्धानि च मानवः |
पित्तेनादित्यखद्योतशक्रचापतडिद्गुणान् ||१९||
शिखिबर्हविचित्राणि नीलकृष्णानि पश्यति |
कफेन पश्येद्रूपाणि स्निग्धानि च सितानि च ||२०||
गौरचामरगौराणि श्वेताभ्रप्रतिमानि च |
पश्येदसूक्ष्माण्यत्यर्थं व्यभ्रे चैवाभ्रसम्प्लवम् ||२१||
सलिलप्लावितानीव परिजाड्यानि मानवः |
तथा रक्तेन रक्तानि तमांसि विविधानि च ||२२||
हरितश्यावकृष्णानि धूमधूम्राणि चेक्षते |
सन्निपातेन चित्राणि विप्लुतानि च पश्यति ||२३||
बहुधा वा द्विधा वाऽपि सर्वाण्येव समन्ततः |
हीनाधिकाङ्गान्यथवा ज्योतींष्यपि च पश्यति ||२४||
| Predominant dosha concerned within the illness | Signs |
|
ata |
objects are seen as – transferring, barely crimson and irregular |
| Pitta | the individual sees the solar, firefly, rainbow, lightening and feather of peacock – in several shapes, they’re perceived to be blue or black in color |
| Kapha | the individual sees objects as being oily, white in color resembling the hairs of camara (fly whisk) or white clouds,
he sees solely large objects (or objects to be large in measurement), he sees the sky as having stuffed with transferring clouds, he sees all of the objects being soaked |
| Rakta – blood | all objects are seen to be crimson in color,
he sees totally different sorts of darkness earlier than his eyes, he sees colors akin to inexperienced, blue-black, black and smoky |
| Sannipata – aggravation of all three doshas | the individual sees the objects in several colors (as if they’ve totally different colors), irregular, double or a number of
he sees the objects as having much less or extra elements than standard or he sees stars in all of the objects |
Parimlayi
पित्तं कुर्यात् परिम्लायि मूर्च्छितं रक्ततेजसा |
पीता दिशस्तथोद्यन्तमादित्यमिव पश्यति ||२५||
विकीर्यमाणान् खद्योतैर्वृक्षांस्तेजोभिरेव च |
Parimlayi is a illness produced by pitta related to the warmth (heat) of blood.
The house across the affected person is seen as being yellow in color or having the color of the rising solar. He additionally sees the sky as being full of fireside flies and timber as if full of sunshine rays.
Raga yukta linganasa
वक्ष्यामि षड्विधं रागैर्लिङ्गनाशमतः परम् ||२६||
रागोऽरुणो मारुतजः प्रदिष्टः पित्तात् परिम्लाय्यथवाऽपि नीलः |
कफात् सितः शोणितजस्तु रक्तः समस्तदोषोऽथ विचित्ररूपः ||२७||
After this, six sorts of Linganasa having raga i.e. colors shall be described by me.
Predominant Dosha Color produced
Vata gentle crimson color
Pitta yellow color (Parimlayi or Nila)
Kapha white color
Rakta – blood crimson color
Sannipata – all doshas aggravated collectively variegated combined colors
| Predominant Dosha | Color produced |
| Vata | gentle crimson color |
| Pitta | yellow color (Parimlayi or Nila) |
| Kapha | white color |
| Rakta – blood | crimson color |
| Sannipata – all doshas aggravated collectively | variegated combined colors |
रक्तजं मण्डलं दृष्टौ स्थूलकाचानलप्रभम् |
परिम्लायिनि रोगे स्यान्म्लाय्यानीलं च मण्डलम् ||२८||
When Parimlayi illness is attributable to rakta – blood, round patches that are crimson in color are seen. These patches shine like a thick glass bead or fireplace. However, blue round patches seem when they’re lined with blood. Generally the imaginative and prescient turns into restored by itself accord because of the lower of doshas.
Observe – In keeping with Acharya Dalhana, Parimlayi known as as Timira when it’s devoid of colors. When the identical Parimlayi has covers, it is named Kaca. When it destroys the imaginative and prescient, it’s known as Linganasa.
दोषक्षयात् कदाचित् स्यात्स्वयं तत्र च दर्शनम् |
अरुणं मण्डलं वाताच्चञ्चलं परुषं तथा ||२९||
पित्तान्मण्डलमानीलं कांस्याभं पीतमेव वा |
श्लेष्मणा बहलं स्निग्धं शङ्खकुन्देन्दुपाण्डुरम् ||३०||
चलत्पद्मपलाशस्थः शुक्लो बिन्दुरिवाम्भसः |
सङ्कुचत्यातपेऽत्यर्थं छायायां विस्तृतो भवेत् ||३१||
मृद्यमाने च नयने मण्डलं तद्विसर्पति |
प्रवालपद्मपत्राभं मण्डलं शोणितात्मकम् ||३२||
दृष्टिरागो भवेच्चित्रो लिङ्गनाशे त्रिदोषजे |
यथास्वं दोषलिङ्गानि सर्वेष्वेव भवन्ति हि ||३३||
| Dosha producing Linganasha | Indicators and Signs |
| Vata | Patches that are spherical, gentle crimson, unsteady and tough seem on Dristi Mandala – pupil2 |
| Pitta | Patches that are barely blue or resemble bronze in color or yellow in color are fashioned |
| Kapha | Thick and unctuous patches, white in color resembling shells of conch, jasmine flower or moon and showing like a water bubble transferring on the lotus leaf are fashioned.
Pupil – significantly contracts in daylight and dilates in shade. These patches turn out to be massive and unfold extra when the attention is rubbed or massaged. |
| Rakta – blood | Patches resemble coral beads or lotus petals. |
| Tridoshas collectively | Imaginative and prescient / sight will likely be of combined colors. |
The indicators of the involved doshas may also be current in all these sorts of Linganasa.
षड् लिङ्गनाशाः षडिमे च रोगा दृष्ट्याश्रयाः षट् च षडेव च स्युः |
तथा नरः पित्तविदग्धदृष्टिः कफेन चान्यस्त्वथ धूमदर्शी ||३४||
यो ह्रस्वजाड्यो(त्यो) नकुलान्धता च गम्भीरसञ्ज्ञा च तथैव दृष्टिः |
The twelve illnesses localized within the drshti – pupil contains of –
– the six sorts of Linganasa defined above and
– different six illnesses which shall be described additional
The opposite six illnesses (aside from the six sorts of Linganasa) are as beneath talked about –
– Pitta Vidagdha Drshti,
– Kapha Vidagdha Drshti,
– Dhumadarsi,
– Hrsvajadya,
– Nakulandhya and
– Gambhira Drshti
Pitta vidagdha Drsti
पित्तेन दुष्टेन गतेन दृष्टिं पीता भवेद्यस्य नरस्य दृष्टिः ||३५||
पीतानि रूपाणि च मन्यते यः स मानवः पित्तविदग्धदृष्टिः |
प्राप्ते तृतीयं पटलं तु दोषे दिवा न पश्येन्निशि वीक्षते च ||३६||
(रात्रौ शीतानुगृहीतदृष्टिः पित्ताल्पभावादपि तानि पश्येत्) |
The sight of the individual turns into yellow when the drshti turns into vitiated by pitta. He additionally sees all objects as being yellow in color.
The individual won’t see something throughout day time however can see them at night time when the doshas get lodged within the third patala – layer of the attention. This occurs when the drshti is made snug by the chilly naturally prevailing on the night time time and likewise because of the presence of much less amount of pitta at night time. This situation is named Pitta Vidagdha Drshti.
Kapha Vidagdha drsti
The individual sees all of the objects as white in color on this illness.
तथा नरः श्लेष्मविदग्धदृष्टिस्तान्येव शुक्लानि हि मन्यते तु ||३७||
Naktandhya
त्रिषु स्थितोल्पः पटलेषु दोषो नक्तान्ध्यमापादयति प्रसह्य |
दिवा स सूर्यानुगृहीतचक्षुरिक्षेत रूपाणि कफाल्पभावात् ||३८||
Naktandhya – night time blindness is brought on when the doshas that are much less in amount get localized within the third patala of the attention.
Such an individual sees issues throughout day time as a result of the eyes get assist from the solar and likewise since kapha is much less dominant.
Dhumadarsi
शोकज्वरायासशिरोभितापैरभ्याहता यस्य नरस्य दृष्टिः |
सधूमकान् पश्यति सर्वभावांस्तं धूमदर्शीति वदन्ति रोगम् ||३९||
Dhumadarshi is a illness which presents with the beneath talked about indicators and signs –
– drushti will get vitiated by extreme grief, fever, fatigue, headache and so forth,
– the individual sees all objects as being smoky in all respects
Hrasa Jadya
स ह्रस्वजाड्यो दिवसेषु कृच्छ्राद्ध्रस्वानि रूपाणि च येन पश्येत् |४०|
On this illness, the objects are seen as being small in measurement by the individual, that too with nice problem throughout day time.
Nakuandhya
विद्योतते येन नरस्य दृष्टिर्दोषाभिपन्ना नकुलस्य यद्वत् ||४०||
चित्राणि रूपाणि दिवा स पश्येत् स वै विकारो नकुलान्ध्यसञ्ज्ञः |
Nakulandhya is a illness produced when the pupil is vitiated by the doshas. On this situation, the pupil turns into reddish brown in color and shines like the attention of the mongoose. He additionally sees objects as having many colors throughout the day.
Gambhir Drsti
दृष्टिर्विरूपा श्वसनोपसृष्टा सङ्कुच्यतेऽभ्यन्तरतश्च याति ||४१||
रुजावगाढा च तमक्षिरोगं गम्भीरिकेति प्रवदन्ति तज्ज्ञाः |
When vitiated by vata, the pupil turns into distorted, constricted and depressed inwards. This situation is accompanied with extreme ache. The attention specialists name this illness Gambhirika.
Bahyaja Linganasa
बाह्यौ पुनर्द्वाविह सम्प्रदिष्टौ निमित्ततश्चाप्यनिमित्ततश्च ||४२||
निमित्ततस्तत्र शिरोभितापाज्ज्ञेयस्त्वभिष्यन्दनिदर्शनैश्च |४३|
सुरर्षिगन्धर्वमहोरगाणां सन्दर्शनेनापि च भास्वराणाम् ||४३||
हन्येत दृष्टिर्मनुजस्य यस्य स लिङ्गनाशस्त्वनिमित्तसञ्ज्ञः |
तत्राक्षि विस्पष्टमिवावभाति वैदूर्यवर्णा विमला च दृष्टिः ||४४||
There are two other forms of Linganasa talked about earlier. They’re –
– Sanimittaja Linganasa – with an obvious trigger and
– Animittaja Linganasa – brought on with none obvious trigger
The Samittaja form of Linganasa needs to be understood by the presence of –
– headache and
– indicators of abhisyanda (conjunctivitis)
Animittaja Linganasa is produced from destruction of the pupil by the beneath talked about causes –
– by the sight or offended look of Gods, sages, Gandharvas (nymphs) or nice serpents or
– by seeing very vivid or shining objects
Herein, the eyes seem as
– very clear (shining),
– have the color of a diamond (white color) and
– pure (with none blemishes)
Abhighataja Linganasa
विदीर्यते सीदति हीयते वा नृणामभीघातहता तु दृष्टिः ||४५||
The sight of the individual turns into break up, decreased (turns into weak) or misplaced when the pupil will get harm (broken) by any form of damage / trauma.
इत्येते नयनगता मया विकाराः सङ्ख्याताः पृथगिह षट् च सप्ततिश्च |
एतेषां पृथगिह विस्तरेण सर्वं वक्ष्येऽहं तदनु चिकित्सितं यथावत् ||४६||
So far I’ve described seventy six eye illnesses individually. After this, I shall describe all these intimately together with their therapy.
इति सुश्रुतसंहितायामुत्तरतन्त्रान्तर्गते शालाक्यतन्त्रे दृष्टिगतरोगविज्ञानीयो नाम सप्तमोऽध्ययः ||७||
Thus ends the seventh chapter by Identify Drstigata roga Vijnaniya in Uttara sthana of Susruta Samhita.